Many studies investigating biological variability in ageing are limited by the variability of chronological age among participants, a dependence on retrospective data collection, and heterogeneity in image acquisition and processing. Combining 12 metrics in a hierarchical partitioning model explained 33% of the variance in brain-PAD. Early-life factors did not relate to brain-PAD. ![]() ![]() Higher brain-PAD was associated with future hippocampal atrophy over the subsequent 2 years (0♰03 mL/year per 5-year increment in brain-PAD). An increase in brain-PAD was associated with increased cardiovascular risk at age 36 years (β=2♳ ) and 69 years (β=2♶ ) increased cerebrovascular disease burden (1♹ ) lower cognitive performance (–1♳ ) and increased serum neurofilament light concentration (1♲ ). Female sex was associated with a 5♴-year (95% CI 4♱ to 6♸) younger brain-PAD than male sex. The mean brain-predicted age was 67♹ years (8♲, 46♳ to 94♳). We included 456 participants (225 female), with a mean chronological age of 70♷ years (SD 0♷ range 69♲ to 71♹). The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacificīetween May 28, 2015, and Jan 10, 2018, 502 individuals were assessed as part of Insight 46.The Lancet Regional Health – Southeast Asia.The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.Coase warned, “If you torture the data long enough, it will confess. Coincidentally (although as skeptics, we do not believe in coincidence), the initial statistical team was changed when data were sold to the French pharmaceutical company applying for the marketing authorization in France. Although he cited us,3 he overlooked the evidence we provided indicating that the Bacloville article4 was published without acknowledging major changes to the initial protocol, affecting the primary outcome. Second, Dr Andrade should have warned readers that Bacloville’s results are most questionable, lacking robustness. To the Editor: Dr Andrade’s analysis of the Bacloville trial in a recent Clinical and Practical Psychopharmacology column, in which he concluded that “individualized treatment with high-dose baclofen (30-300 mg/d) may be a useful second-line approach in heavy drinkers” and that “baclofen may be particularly useful in patients with liver disease,” deserves comment.1įirst, Andrade failed to recall that the first pivotal trial of baclofen, ALPADIR (NCT01738282 320 patients, as with Bacloville), was negative (see Braillon et al2). PM and working memory are promising intervention targets for functional recovery in schizophrenia.īaclofen, a French Exception, Seriously Harms Alcohol Use Disorder Patients Without Benefit PM and working memory are “target” nodes for interventions bringing changes to the network, whereas social functioning and psychopathology are “malleable” nodes. Time-based PM (expected influence = 0.69), event-based PM (EI = 0.65), and working memory (EI = 0.83) demonstrated high values of expected influence, but social functioning (variance explained = 0.685) and PANSS negative (variance explained = 0.657) and general (variance explained = 0.583) subscales demonstrated high values of predictability.Ĭonclusions: Time-based PM is the central node linking neurocognitive functions with social functioning. Time-based PM linked event-based PM and working memory with social functioning. Results: The resultant network showed that social functioning, PANSS positive symptoms, and PANSS general symptoms clustered together, whereas time-based and event-based PM and working memory formed another cluster. Network analysis examined the effect of baseline PM on SOFAS while accounting for the effects of psychopathology. Psychopathology and social functioning were assessed at endpoint (in 2016–2017) using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), respectively. PM and working memory were assessed at baseline (in 2010–2015) using valid computerized tasks and the Letter-Number Span Test, respectively. Methods: This longitudinal study recruited 119 people with first-episode DSM-IV schizophrenia and followed up with them for 2 to 6 years. The aim of this study was to utilize network analysis to address the complex interplay between PM, psychopathology, and functional outcome. ![]() Background: Prospective memory (PM) impairment is associated with impaired social functioning, but evidence is limited to chronic schizophrenia samples and cross-sectional design.
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